Condenser for nitric or other acids.



No. 733,452. PATBNTED JULY 14, 1903.l W. BATE & F. G. ORME.

GONDENSER POR NITRIG 0R OTHER ACIDS.

APPLICATION IILEIJ 1320.6. 1902.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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W. BATB M". G. ORME.' CONDENSER FOR NITRIG 0R OTHER ACIDS.

APPLIUATIN FILED DBO. 6| 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'No MODEL.

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7g a MAWW Tammo., wnswwsmn n c Patented J' uly 14, 1903.

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i ATENT VILLIAM BATE,.OF HAYLE, AND FREDERICK G. ORME, OF LONDON,ENGLAND.

CONDENSER FOR NlTRlC OR OTHER ACIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 733,452, dated July 14,19.08.

Application filed December 6, 1902. Serial No. 134,142. (No model.) l

.To Coll whom/ it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM BATE, residing at Upton Villa, Hayle,Cornwall, and FREDERICK GEORGE ORME, residing at l1 Austin Friars,London, England, subjects of the King of Great Britain, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Condensers for Nitric or other Acids, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to condensers for nitric and other acids in whichthe acid vapor is constrained to pass up and down a stack of verticalpipes set in a tank of water or merely exposed to the air; and theobjects of our invention are to insure a thorough circulation of thecondensing-water, to condense the acid vapors with a minimum quantity ofwater, to avoid as far as possible reducing the strength of the acid inthe receiver should a pipe crack or leak while a charge is being workedoff, and to enable a defective pipe to be replaced by a sound onewithout interfering with the other pipes in the condenser. We attainthese objects by the apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure l Arepresents front elevation, partly in section, ofacondenser for nitric and other acids constructed according to thisinvention. Fig. 2 is a plan of same with part of the wood frame removed.Fig. 3 is a section of condenser on line A B, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is avertical section, to anenlarged scale, of a portion of a condensing-pipeand water-jacket, showing method of making the joint between the pipeand the jacket. Fig. 5 is horizontal section of same on line O D, Fig.4. Fig. 6 is plan of gland-ring. Fig. 7 is plan of jointring. Fig. Sissection of same. Fig. 9 is section showing alternative method of makingthe joint at the bottom of the water-jacket.

The same letters denote the same parts in all the figures.

Now according to this invention we make the condenser of a stack ofearthenware,

pipes d are jointed air-tight to their respec-v tive sockets by means ofcement, clay, or other suitable material `to prevent escape of vapor. Inthe drawings the stack of pipes consists of two rows ofpipes containingve pipes in each row; but a greater or less number of pipes may be used,so as to obtain the best results. The pipes a are recessed half- `wayinto the portion e of the frame and are kept in position bylead collars0c, screwed or bolted to the frame, as shown by Figs. l and 3. The lowerends of the pipesa pass through apertures in the portion f of theframework.

The portionf of the framework is covered with sheet-lead g,as shown byFigs. 4 and 9, on both sides the said covering, being continued throughapertures in the portionfto prevent the acid from coming in contact withthe wood in case of leakage.

Surrounding six of the pipes dare opentopped cylindrical water-jacketsh, made of lead and fused at the bottom to the lead g, as shown indetail by Fig. 4, to make a watertight-joint. The bottom of the saidjacketis formed, as shown in detail by Fig. 4, by the gland-ring le andan india-rubber joint-ring i', circular in section, as shown by Figs. 7and 8, which ring is placed on the tube u and forced into contacttherewith and with the bell-mo j by means of the gland-ring Za and boltsZ. sufcient number of bolts are used to preve t the ring from spreadingoutward. Inste d of the rings lo and bellmouthsj, ordinaryyands may beused, stuffing-boxes being for ed in the portion of the frame byrecesses cut into the` wood into which the lead g is dressed, as shownby Fig. 9. The bolts Z may be recessed into the wood f under the lead g,the said bolts being preferably furnished with square heads to preventthem from rotating. Each water-jacket is provided with threepipes-namely, an inlet-pipe for the condensing-water, an overflow-pipefor the same, and a drain-'pipe for emptying the jacket.

n is the water-supply pipe to convey the condensing-water to the jackets7i, each jacket communicating with the pipe n by means of a pipe andvalve or stop-cock. The inlet-pipes to the jackets are fitted to thesame near the bottom of the jackets. On the drawings the inlet-valvesare marked 0, the pipes connecting the water-jackets of the front row ofpipes to the valves o are marked p, the inlet-pipes to the rear row ofjackets being marked q. The overflow-pipes are fitted to the jackets asnear the top as possible, as shown, the overiow-pipes from the front rowof jackets being marked yr,while the overflow-pipes from the rear row ofjackets are marked s. The cold water, under a sufficient head to insuregood circulation, enters the jackets near the bottom through the pipes pq and the warm water runs out at or near the top of the jackets down thepipes 1' s into a suitable gutter ordrain, the amount of water passingthrough the jackets being regulated by the valves o.

t t are drain-pipes to run off the water from the front row of jacketswhen it is necessary to empty the same. u u are similar drainpipes toempty the rear row of jackets. rlhe drain-pipes are fitted as near thebottom of the jackets as possible.

The bottom of the drain-pipes tu are normally closed by plugs or bungsinserted therein, or instead of the plugs or bungs valves or cocks maybe fitted to the drainpipes.

All the pipes p q o s t u are made of lead and fused to the jackets a;but, if desired, iron pipes itted with lead ilanges may be used.

By incasing each pipe in a separate jacket less condensing-water isrequired and a more perfect circulation thereof obtained than when allthe'pipes are incased in a tank common to all. In the event of a pipebreaking, it is only necessary to empty the jacket, remove the bendconnecting the broken pipe to the next pipe, remove the lead collar,take out the broken pipe, put a sound one in its place, replace leadcollar and joint up, then screw up gland-ring, all of which can be donewithout in any way disturbing any of the remaining pipes. The joint-ringc' and gland-ring 7,; are slipped over the end of the new pipe whilebeing lowered into place. In the event of a pipe cracking while a chargeis being worked off the water is at once shut off from the jacket of thecracked pipe, the plug or bung removed from the drain-pipe and thejacket emptied, thus preventing weakening of the acid in the receiver bywater leaking through the crack, suiiicient condensing-surface beingleft to finish oft' the charge if done carefully. It necessary, the topof the empty jacket may be stopped with clay to prevent escape of vapor.

The circular section india-rubber jointrings we employ make a perfectjoint without undue pressure on the earthenware pipes,thus avoiding riskof breaking the pipes when screwing up the glands, even if the saidpipes are not` truly circular.

The jackets should be emptied from time to time to clear away any mud orsediment that may accumulate therein.

If necessary, every condensingpipe may be tted with a water-jacket, butwe [ind in practice that six jacketed pipes in a ten-pipe battery arequite suiicient for condensing nitric acid.

What We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. In a condenser for nitric and other acids of the verticalwater-cooled type, the combination with vertical condensing-pipes of anindependent open topped Water-jacket around each of said Water-cooledpipes, and means for supplying water to, and emptying each jacketindependently of the other jackets as specified, and for the purposestated.

2. In a condenser for nitric and other acids of the verticalWater-cooled type the combination with vertical condensing-pipes of anindependent opentopped water-jacket around each pipe, a water-supplypipe, an overflow-pipe and a drain-pipe attached to each jacket, eachsupply-pipe, overiiow-pipe and drain-pipe being independent of thesupply-pipes, overflow-pipes and drain-pipes attached to the otherjackets, means for regulating the supply of water to each jacket, andmeans for emptying any one jacket while leaving the other jackets fullas specified and for the purpose stated.

3. In acondenser for nitric and other acids, the combination of avertical pipe a, a cylinder of lead h fused at the bottom to theleadcovering g of the portion f of the Jframe of the apparatus, agland-ring 7s and packing-ring i adapted to be forced into contact withthe pipe a and with a bell-mouthjt'ormed in the portionf of the frame bymeans of bolts Z so as to form with the cylinder 7i a water-jacketsurrounding the pipe a all substantially as set forth.

4. In a condenser for nitric and other acids, the combination of a pipec, recessed into the IOO IOS

IIO

portion e of the framework of the apparatus, a lead collar screwed orbolted to the portion e to retain pipe ct in position, a stuffingboXformed in portionf of the frame, a lead coveringg for portion of framef,a lead jacket 71, surrounding pipe a and fused to lead cov- @ring g, agland-ring k and joint-ringt' to form bottom of jacket, an inlet-valve oand pipe to admit cooling-Water to jacket, au overflow-pipe to allowWarm Water to run oi from jacket and adrain-pipe to empty jacket, allsubstantially as set forth. l

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

WILLIAM BATE. FRED. G. ORME.

Vitnesses to the signature of William Bate:

EDWARD BoAsE, CHARLES STAPLES. Witnesses to the signature of FrederickGeorge Orme:

F. FAULKNER, H. E. PERKS.

